Pestle Analysis for Education

Political| * Schools being privatised (like the NHS) * A government initiative creates the risk that the school may fail to deliver the policy or be diverted away from local priorities etc. * Changes to the skills required to be a teacher/ tutor * Changes to curriculum with short lead times * Requirement to be self managing * Requirement to be self financing| Economic| * Central or local government funding decisions may affect school/ establishment finances * Closure of a local industry may affect fund raising plans etc. Ability of parents to raise funds for optional activities * The need to run breakfast/ after schools clubs * Ability to invest ‘savings/ surpluses’ * Cost of providing resources: * Staff – teaching & support * Basics – books/ paper * Technology solutions laptops etc * Interest rates * Shortages of materials on national/ international markets * Over provision of school places in the area resulting in competition from neighbouring schools * T he risk of highly valued, key staff moving on to more ‘up and coming’ schools/ academies| Social| * Decline in birth rate, reflecting national trends * Local population changes (increasing/ decreasing numbers) * Demographic changes may affect likely pupil rolls or the nature of pupils needs e. g. pupils with English as a second language etc. Closure of local firms providing employment * Inability to attract staff * Social networking – blogs, facebook, twitter * Changes to qualifications expected * Integration with local community * Integration of students with special needs * parental preference – an increase in ‘parent power’ has allowed parents more freedom of choice over their child’s school * the risk of highly valued, key staff moving on to more up-and-coming establishments * Information is accessible to staff anywhere in the world via the Internet * Staff were not given enough training or access to effectively change their habits and how they expected information to be made available| Technological| * Changes to standards/ equipment required * Risk of selecting the wrong technology at times of change (i. e. windows -v- open source) * New computer viruses may affect school/ college operations, * Disturbing/ illegal images on the internet may affect ICT security measures etc. * Move from paper based books to e-book readers * Computer hardware being out of date * Computer software being out of date * Time to anage IT systems  | Legislative| * new legislation may create risks of non-compliance with the law, create new administrative burdens etc * Changes to child protection legislation * Raise the age of school leaving age * Raise/ lower the age of starting school. Nursery/ kindergarten * Change to school opening hours * Changes to funding of charity based organisations * Health & safety legislation| Environmental| * A new highway layout near the school may create new dangers for pupils etc * Waste disposal * Reduction of green space available for activities * Changes to local bus routes * Using a significant amounts of paper and photocopier toner to produce printed information. |

Accomplishment Report

Republic of the Philippines DepED-REGION III Division of City Schools District III Daan Sarile Elementary School Cabanatuan City Accomplishment Report C. Y. 2011 * * School is said to be the place where learning takes place, thus pupils learning is a great accomplishments to every school. However accomplishments of school as a basic institution within the community have different dimensions and components to improve and address. In order for this to realize shared efforts are required. For these, the following are the endeavors of Daan Sarile Elementary School for CY 2011. * * A.School Leadership/School Head * *Updating EMIS/SIS * *Trainings/conferences attended- * 1. Public Accountability and Values Enhancement Seminar- March 23-25. * 2. t2t Orientation Training Program for Teachers and School Officials-Oct 11-14,2011. * B. Pupils Development * *Registered 55 GSP and 44 BSP * *Organized Pupil Government, Earth Savers Club, Future Homemakers Club. * * Participated and won on differen t contest. * 1. District Read-a-Thon Contest winners: * * Jellie I. Pascual- Oral Reading Interpretation, 2nd place (English) * * Jazz Chant – 4th Place * *Micol Joy D.Pagayanan- Oral reading Interpretation, 3rd place (Filipino) * 2. 2011 District Press Conference * *Revelyn L. Reselva- Feature Writing-Filipino 3rd Place * *April L. Reselva- Copyreading Filipino 3rd Place, * Feature Writing Filipino 3rd Place * *Von Ivan F. Flores-News Writing- English 2nd Place News Writing- Filipino 1st Place * *Joanna Grace T. Oteyza -Feature Writing Filipino 5th Place * *Marco G. Soriano-Feature Writing Filipino 4th Place * * *Scriptwriting & Radiobroadcasting 4th Place * *2011 Science Fair *Sayawit sa Kalikasan-Champion * * *Conduct Search for Mr. & Ms. Earth Savers * *Celebrate Nutrition Month * *Celebrate Buwan ng Wika * *Conduct School Press Conference ,School Science Fair * *Participated in GSP Encampment- 15 No. of delegates * *Participated in BSP Encampment- 17 No. of Delegates * * Participated in Regional BSP Encampment – No. of delegates * * C. Staff Development * *Trainings Attended: * 1. Gerleeh Q. Sacdal-Regional Seminar Workshop on Campus Journalism-Oct. 21-24,2011-RELC * 2. Marlon M. Imperio-Regional Training in Elem.Math-Sept. 29-Oct. 2,2011, RELC * 3. Marlon R. Imperio, Evangeline F. adrineda, Jonathan D. Diaz, Victoria D. Arahan- * T2t orientation & Training Program for Teachers and School Officials-Oct. 11-14,2011, T Hall * 4. Ma. Luisa F. Pacolor, Jonathan D. Diaz-Division Seminar Workshop on On-Line Publication * 5. Jonathan D. Diaz, Loida O. Cruz- Division Jamborette * 6. Mary Ann Tatlonmaria Corazon J. Bautista, Gerleeh Q. Sacdal-Division Encampment * 7. SLAC in Mathematics by Mr. Marlon M. Imperio * * D. Curriculum Development * *t2t Program recipient *Produce ICT aided instructional materials in Science III, HKS III, Math IV-VI, EPP V &VI, Music, English V & VI, Filipino V. * * E. Physical Development * *Construction of Drainage * *Cons truction of Plant Boxes and Landscaping * *Putting-up of the following HPTA projects: bookshelf-Grade III-Santan, wallfan-Grade IV-Dahlia,repainting of Grade V-Daisy classroom and mural paintings, Deskfan-Grade III-Rosal. * * F. Community Development * *Participated and support the Waste Management Program implemented by the City Government thru CAECO. * * * * Prepared by: * * VICTORIA D. ARAHAN * Principal I * * PICTORIALS * * * Classroom Structuring * * * Delegates to Regional BSP Jamborette * * * * * * * * * School Supplies from a stakeholder (Coun. Orlando Tumibay) * * * Stand fans donated by a pupil * * * * * * * * Regular Meeting with the stakeholders * * * Regular meeting with the teachers * * * * * * * * Buwan ng Nutrisyon Celebration * * * * * * * * * * * School Feeding Program * * * Plentiful harvest from gulayan sa paaralan * * * * * * * * Tree planting * * * Maintaining the cleanliness of school premises

Psychology Paper Essay

In this paper I am going to be talking about the philosophy of psychology in the 19th century. I am going to be discussing the roots in early philosophy leading into the 19th century that influenced the development of modern psychology, identify philosophers that historically relate to the beginnings of psychology as a formal discipline, identify major philosophers in the western tradition that were primary contributors to the formation of psychology as a discipline and explore the development of the science of psychology during the 19th century. There were several philosophers that historically relate to the beginnings psychology as a formal discipline. John Locke, George Berkeley, David Hume and John Stuart Mill are just a few to mention. John Locke made a distinction between simple and complex. â€Å"Simple ideas resulted from experiencing basic sensory qualities such as yellow, white, heat and so on, and from making simple reflections such as â€Å"pleasant.† A complex idea includes sever ideas, which can be a combination of simple and other complex ideas. Complex ideas are compounds and can be ultimately reduced to simple ones, much as chemical compounds are composed of simple elements.† (Goodwin, 2008). George Berkeley’s work on vision was the first systematic example of how empiricist thinking could be applied to the study of perception. Berkeley tried to show that our perceptions of the distance, size, and locations of objects are judgments that depend entirely on experience. We do not see objects directly; rather we make judgments about them based on visual information and our experiences. Davie Hume came up with the rules of association, that ideas that are similar or happen simultaneously are associated. He proposed three laws: resemblance, contiguity, and cause and effect. David Hartley, another dualist, believed that although the mind and body operated separately but also parallel to each other. He used association in his theory of memories. He believed the â€Å"strength of association relies on repetition† (Goodwin, 2008). John Stuart Mill, known as the â€Å"key transition figure in the shift from the philosophy of the mind to the science of the mind† (Goodwin, 2008), used a chemical rather than mechanical description in our complex ideas are made from simple ones. He believed that the mind was much more active than passive. Mill’s logic consists of the Method of Agreement, Method of Difference, and Joint Method.

Close reading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Close reading - Essay Example He not only physically describes the woman but also creates a contrast between her early privileged life and her life as a servant now. He uses strong heavy words in describing her past, words like castle, robes, princess and many more that create a lasting impression of the luxurious life the women had before. These words create a very powerful and impactful picture in the reader’s mind. ‘I have not always been blear–eyed.’ He starts off with this sentence which appeals to the reader. This sentence creates a mystery for the reader as automatically the reader gets interested in the idea of what that woman must have been before the present story line. The reader would inevitably be forced to read ahead and find out what the woman’s past holds, indeed. Also in choosing the title of the chapter the author has hidden a mystery which makes the reader continue. He uses a sarcastic humorous tone in comparing her clothes and home to the living of German baro ns when he states that the woman’s robe alone could have bought half the province of Westphalia. Voltaire pays a lot of attention to the description of things in the book in general, in this paragraph in particular he is describing the younger version of the woman, and he looks closely at the changes that show in a woman when she becomes older. He not only highlights her character by using words like ‘wisdom’ and her ‘graceful accomplishments’, but also goes on commenting on her physical changes when he talks about her breasts, eyebrows and eyes, creates an image by using very simple words but such that would clearly paint a picture of that woman in the reader’s eyes. He uses metaphors to make the description feel real, ‘her eyebrows as black as jet’. Using metaphors makes it easier for the reader to relate to the portrayal of a character. Voltaire uses very bold words in the depiction of the image of that woman, ‘as for my eyes, they darted flames and eclipsed the lustre of the Stars’. Other than describing the woman with words and metaphors he adds in the story testimony of other characters in the story which further proves his depiction of the character. It is a unique and different yet effective way of portraying a character. Looking at the writing style of author in these paragraphs it can be seen that he is not just describing the character for its image but is also moving the story ahead in that description, and how he moves from the present of the character to her past, and in her past from the age of fourteen to the age where she was all ready to marry. In describing the ceremony of the nuptials he manages to capture the royalty of the family she belonged to by using a word like ‘magnificence’. Voltaire often uses direct dialogues in continuing the story making it feel like a film to the reader. Other than using direct dialogues he also uses the feeling of the character lik e ‘I loved him, too, as our sex generally for the first time, with rapture, transport, and idolatry’ which makes it easier for the reader to understand and connect with the characters. Although the author is describing everything in detail painting a vivid picture of that woman and her past he still manages to keep it all very concise and to the point without dragging it, which keeps the reader involved. The coherent link between the description and the story line makes it easier for the reader to follow and keep up with the extensive description. In all the

Biogeochemical Cycles Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Biogeochemical Cycles - Research Paper Example le covers different regions from ocean to sky to earth and it covers all the Earth systems such as atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere. â€Å"The movement of water in the hydrological cycle extends through the four parts of the total Earth system—atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere—and strongly depends on the local peculiarities of these systems.† (Kuchment, 2004, p 2). The importance of the hydrological cycle to life’s processes is generally recognized as all living organisms, including humans, depend on the hydrologic cycle for water and different activities of humans such as drinking, respiration, perspiration, and elimination of wastes form part of this cycle. Significantly, human activities have a great impact on the functionality of the hydrological cycle and those activities that change the land cover of river basins and are aimed at regulating the water fluxes in nature can greatly change the hydrological cycle of th e separate river basins, and even of large regions. â€Å"Due to human activities, the natural hydrological cycle of most river basins is becoming more and more transformed and regimented†¦ The major effects of reservoir construction on the hydrological cycle (excepting runoff control) are an increase of evaporation and a rise of groundwater table.† (Kuchment, 2004, p 30). Similarly, the impact of irrigation on the hydrological cycle is especially informative in the arid regions, although it is also substantial in regions with moderate climate where irrigation is of supplementary character. In conclusion, human activities have a great impact on the functionality of the hydrological cycle. Kuchment, Lev S. (2004). â€Å"The Hydrological Cycle and Human Impact on it.† Water Resources Management. Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems. p 2. Retrieved 07 October, 2009, from

Federal Parliament Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Federal Parliament - Essay Example The law made by the courts, using precedent, as opposed to those made by parliament (Statute law), is called the Common Law. The Common Law is case-based and has a hierarchical doctrine of precedent. It is adversarial rather than inquisitorial. The adversarial system of law relies on the skill of the different advocates representing their party's positions and not on some neutral party, usually the judge, trying to ascertain the truth of the case. Judges in an adversarial system tend to be more interested in ensuring the fair play of fundamental justice. The doctrine of precedent governs the case law system. Once a case is decided, subsequent similar cases are to be decided on the principles/rules developed in the earlier decision. The Common Law system of precedent is hierarchical: lower courts are bound to follow the principles decided by higher courts. Once a higher court decides a case, it becomes a binding authority on the lower courts. Under Australia's common law system, the High Court of Australia and the Federal Court of Australia have the authority to interpret constitutional provisions. Judicial power is vested in a "Federal Supreme Court" which is also called the High Court of Australia. ... Judicial power is vested in a "Federal Supreme Court" which is also called the High Court of Australia. The High Court has jurisdiction over matters arising under the Constitution, federal laws, treaties, foreign affairs (Sections 75-78). The High Court is also the top appellate court in Australia, and hears appeals from any other federal court, state Supreme Courts, and the Inter-State Commission only on questions of law. Land, as we all know is a limited resource and plays a vital role in the development of any nation. If a country has to expand its economy, it has to think of changing its land use pattern. The vast countryside holds tremendous potential for growth and industrialisation. A problem peculiar to Australia is the occupation and subsequent ownership of land by the native groups. Previous cases related to land disputes should shed some light on the outcome of change initiatives taken up by the government. Mabo v Queensland (No 2) (commonly known as Mabo) was a landmark Australian court case which was decided by the High Court of Australia on June 3, 1992. The effective result of the judgement was to make irrelevant the declaration of terra nullius, or "land belonging to no-one" which had been taken to occur from the commencement British colonisation in 1788, and to recognise a form of native title. Although Mabo was litigated within the legal context of property law, the decisions clearly had much wider implications which have still to be determined1. 1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mabo_v_Queensland_(No_2) The action which brought about the decision had been led by Eddie Mabo, David Passi and

How have the wars changed womens lives in the Congo Puechguirbal Essay

How have the wars changed womens lives in the Congo Puechguirbal argues that Congolese women must be a part of the peace process. Do you think this would change things If so, how If not, why - Essay Example During the war in Congo, men left their women and families and moved to the forests to defend their communities. The women were left to care for their families which proved very difficult without the companion of their husbands. No economic activity or farming was taking place during this time of war and the stored food run out. Women were faced by hunger and they were left in pain watching their children die out of hunger. A report from the UN showed that 12% of the deaths during the war were caused by lack of food. This war left many women childless and without husbands since most of them were killed in the forest during the war and this has brought the greatest social inequality that ever existed in the world. Sexual violation was rampant during this war as the women were forced to have sex since they were armless and at the same time harmless. Women were forced to have sex to protect their children from being killed and this led to traumatization among women and an increased spread of sexually transmitted diseases. No medical care was operating during the war and hence the women were not treated after the sexual assaults. The results were unwanted children leading to an end of the happy families that existed(Gettleman, 2007,p.7). The war has created a situation that has led to women living in fear and with no trust on their military. Women have also been burdened with the responsibility of taking care of their children since the number of men reduced massively and the report by UN showed that 41.3% of all the women in Condo are single mothers(Gettleman, 2007,p.7). Despite the severe impacts, the Congo people have been positive in rebuilding their nation through peace-making processes. The united Nation in conjunction with government has played a big role in the process that has involved not only the political giants but also the people on the ground. Puechguirbal

Brief Case analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Brief Case analysis - Essay Example Switching cannot be done since Varsity team had an unblemished and recognized physical gain over Junior Varsity boat and could still beat the Junior Varsity team. An essential issue arises as Varsity boat is decelerating down because of employing individuals in the boats. A fundamental query worth noting is whether this was an obligatory undertaking and why it had to happen. No one was a leading light while several others were team disrupters. Rowing on the water as a team is yet another question that arises. What should the two teams do about it? Finally the last issue that arises is whether the army crew team can be likened to an organizational team. The answer is certainly no due to incapability to substitute hastily each of the team members. A good decision needs to be made by evaluating the situation at hand, assessing the different options available and coming up or deciding on a solution that will affect the long-term performance of both teams in a positive way. In regard to promoting junior team to a varsity team, one crucial question arises that needs to be addressed i.e. whether this will have an effect on the performance of the team as a whole and whether the all the junior varsity team members qualify to join the varsity team. Making a wrong decision can heavily impact negatively on the performance of the crew and as a result, special attention has to be given when deciding on this option. The junior team members cannot be promoted to Varsity team. Keeping the members in their original teams and trying to intervene to improve on the performance of both teams seems pleasant as it ensures that both teams add in serious effort towards attaining their key goals and objectives. When it comes to switching a small number of team members of each group, a significant question has to be taken into consideration before making the step i.e. which

Technology Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 5

Technology - Essay Example Then, interestingly enough, those units quadruple (increase by 400%) over the next 10 years. After that, over the next ten years, the figure doubles. So, it would be very interesting to know that the types of units the x-axis is measuring are actually years, as we are very sure at this point—which of course does help us in analyzing what the figures are trying to tell us. In fact, these numbers tell a curious story. The results on the y-axis show—unlike the x-axis, not the units of years—but rather the references (as benchmarks) staggered out. Every ten years marks a benchmark in references, because within that time frame is when a new dot is placed on the chart. Now, for the first three decades on the chart starting in the 1940s, there was absolutely no growth. Then, we see in the decade 1970-1980 there is a slight uptick in activity, with activity shooting up in exponential increments in the two decades to follow. It would be interesting to any reader to know that the kind of units on the x-axis were actually measured in years if they hadn’t already figured it out by mere deduction, so much so that there were two decades of exceedingly rapid growth of references being bought, sold, or produced, etc., in technology. The possibilities of how we could analyze all these data are really endless, but the most interesting part yet remains to be seen: the analysis of the results, which will be discussed in the following section. The analysis of the results are basically as follows. The references to technology that were being sold, bought, or traded dramatically increased within the last two decades, but which had only started an uptick about three decades ago. Unfortunately, at this time it’s not completely sure what the units of the x-axis were supposed to be designated to be if anything other than just years. Luckily, however, that is not necessarily needful for us to know

English writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

English writing - Essay Example This paper will explore the manner in which the mass media influences the public opinion of the masses in the course of serving its primary core functions in society, namely informing, entertaining and educating the public. The primary role of the mass media in every society is to provide news and information to the public, in the true sense of the so-called ‘information age’ in the 21st century, which greatly shapes public opinion (Mujtaba). Since human beings are social beings, people all over the world are presently ruled by information communication technologies. Consequently, it is not unusual for the masses to turn to the various media outlets, particularly the TV, in search of news and information at the break of every dawn (Colistra 85). Inevitably, the numerous media outlets play a very vital role in the information communication chain by informing the masses about what is taking place in their environments. The news and information received through these media outlets shapes people’s thinking and perceptions concerning certain issues in society. Public opinion is very crucial in the implementation of public policy, especially regarding controversial issues affecting the ma sses. Biased media reporting can totally shift the scales in terms of whether a proposed policy will be accepted or refuted by the masses. Policy makers often seek to establish positive public opinions to favour certain pieces of legislation through mass media. in politics, media reporting can potentially turn the public opinion either in favour of or against a certain proposed public policy (McQuail 8). In the wake of the Iraqi assault by the US troops back in the year 2003, the media played a great role in shaping the public opinion of the masses regarding the war. The then Bush administration and Congress decried the perceived biased media representation of facts that was consequently shifting public opinion against the war (Baum & Potter 40).

The tension rises and falls Essay Example for Free

The tension rises and falls Essay The Italian-American Carbone Family live in a poor and humble area, just over Brooklyn Bridge from Manhattan. Although American the Carbones still have their Italian values and live a Conservative Italian lifestyle. This play is in part about family values, and how two different cultures clash when Catherine and Rodolfo fall in love. But on a more perspective view, it is also about a tragic hero Eddie Carbone and his love for his step-daughter Catherine. This LOVE is not a father to daughter love but a husband to wife love, a love that is not meant to be there. A love to powerful for Eddie to give up. Eddie, the main character of this play is a longshoreman from a conservative background in Sicily. He lives with his wife Beatrice and their step-daughter Catherine. Where he came from there are very firm social and moral issues. The scene that I am going to study is when the Carbone family and their to guests from Sicily have just eaten their evening meal and are having a pleasant conversation at first, but underlying tensions soon begin to build up. The beginning of the scene originally suggests a happy family atmosphere, though we wonder if Eddie is over-protective of Catherine. But recently Beatrices cousins are coming to stay illegally in America over from Sicily. The two cousins arrive, Marco and Rodolfo. Marco simply speaks of the poverty back home and Rodolfo not a typical Italian by his appearance or personality talks about how he can sing and plans to buy a motorbike. Rodolfos singing of Paper Dolls delights Catherine, who obviously is attracted to him. But soon this relationship develops, much to the distress of Eddie who himself is in love with Catherine. He can not express or admit his love as keeps them repressed. The scene starts with a nice after dinner conversation but tension is beginning to build up. The argument starts when Eddie raises the point about submarines, slang name for illegal immigrants. I betcha theres plenty of surprises when those guys get back there, heh? He said this to provoke Rodolfo because he knows that Catherine has her eye on him and to bring up the issues of American values and how wearing a shawl doesnt mean that a girl is strict. But to Eddies disapproval the comment failed to offend Rodolfo.

Nevada Policy Scenarios Essay Example for Free

Nevada Policy Scenarios Essay 1. Western Water Policy In light of population growth, Nevada must continue to seek new resources for water consumption. Options include working with farmers and states such as California, Arizona, Idaho, and even the country of Mexico. There are also various Lake Mead projects that could supply the needed water, as well as conservation projects within the state of Nevada. Write a 350- to 400-word response answering the following questions: a. Can you project the potential role the state government will need to fulfill in this scenario? b. Can you project the role the federal government might need to fulfill in this scenario? c. How much of a role should the federal government play in western water policy? Explain your answers. 2. Exploitation of Nevada Resources A radioactive waste disposal company has recently settled a contract agreeing to dispose of radioactive waste for various nuclear power plants located across the United States. Company executives, following several meetings, have decided to pursue waste disposal at Yucca Mountain, a short distance from Las Vegas. Using Ch. 11 of The Sagebrush State as a guide, write a 350- to 400-word response answering the following questions: a. In light of court decisions in the 1990s regarding control of federal lands in Nevada, why would eastern politicians and nuclear power plant owners show little regard for Nevadans who oppose storage of nuclear waste in Nevada? b. Is there any aspect of the Nevada Constitution that would influence land-use policies such as the one in this scenario? Explain your answer. c. In what ways can the Nevada state government play a role in important land-use decisions similar to this? 3. Past and Present Gaming Suppose you had the opportunity to develop a new casino in Nevada. Write a 350- to 400-word response answering the following questions: a. What historic political, social, and economic trends could you reference to support the positive opportunity and benefits of building a casino? What current political, social, and economic issues might deter you from embarking on such a project? b. Consider land-ownership issues. 4. Alternative Sources of Energy in Nevada The availability of land, sunlight, and other natural resources make Nevada an ideal location for alternative energy sources. Speculate on how Nevada could capture these resources to create a competitive advantage in their area. In what ways would this advantage be affected by political, social, and land-ownership issues? Write a 350- to 400-word response that considers political, social, and land-ownership issues relative to each of the following alternative energy sources: a. Solar b. Geothermal c. Wind d. Hydroelectric

Effect of Temperature on the Activation Energy

Effect of Temperature on the Activation Energy Title: Investigating the Effect of Temperature on the Activation Energy Planning A. Hypothesis I predict that as temperature rises, the faster are the rates of reaction. The reaction that will be studied in this experiment is between magnesium and sulphuric acid. This reaction is shown in the chemical equation below: Mg (s) + H2S04 (aq) → MgS04 (aq) + H2 (g) In this experiment, 0.4 grams of magnesium ribbon will be used, together with 100 cubic centimeters of sulphuric acid which is in excess. The variable that I will be changing is the temperature of the water baths where the reactants (sulphuric acid and magnesium ribbon) will be placed. The volume of the gas (hydrogen gas) to be collected at each varying water bath temperature is 100 cubic centimeters. The time it takes for to collect 100 cubic centimeters of the hydrogen gas will be measured to calculate the rate of reaction. B. Background The fundamental basis of the collision theory is the kinetic theory which describes the state of matter in terms of the energy of its particles, (Energex, 2006). According to Wilbraham and others (1997), â€Å"the kinetic theory says that the tiny particles in all forms of matter are in constant motion. When heated, the particles of the substance absorb energy, some of which is stored within the particles. This stored energy does not raise the temperature of the substance. The rest of the energy goes into speeding up the particles.† Particles lacking the necessary kinetic energy to react still collide but simply bounce back. Substances decompose to simpler forms, or form new substances when supplied with sufficient energy, called the â€Å"activation energy†. The activation energy is a barrier or an obstacle that the reactants must cross in order to decompose into simpler substances, or to combine and form new products. At higher temperatures, the particles of a substance move faster and become more energetic. Thus, increasing temperatures help speed up the reaction by first increasing the amount of collisions of particles and cross over the energy barrier. Wilbraham and others argue that â€Å"the main effect of increasing the temperature is to increase the number of particles that have enough kinetic energy to react when they collide. More colliding molecules are energetic enough to slip over the energy barrier to become products.† The frequency of high energy collisions between reactants increase, thus, products form faster. The illustration above shows the basis for the postulate: â€Å"raising the temperature increases the rate of reaction because the added kinetic energy allows a larger fraction of reactants to go over the hill†, (Norton, 2003). C. Risk Assessment Sulphuric acid is a strong, corrosive substance. Therefore, care should be observed when performing the experiment. I will keep in mind the following safety precautions to ensure a safe experiment: To protect the eyes from the strong acid, goggles should be worn. Care in handling the sulphuric acid should be observed. I will not pipette acid by mouth. The temperature of the water baths should be ascertained carefully to prevent scalding. The beaker with hot water bath should be set up carefully to prevent it from being knocked over. D. Fair test To ensure a fair test and high reliability of results from this experiment, I will observe the following measures: All apparatus and equipment shall be cleaned after each time where the time it takes to collect 100 cc of hydrogen gas is obtained at each run of the experiment. The reading for the volume of the sulphuric acid shall be made very carefully by reading from the lower meniscus of the 100 cubic centimeter mark. The volume of the sulphuric acid and the weight of the magnesium ribbon will be measured very accurately for all time measurements at every temperature level at each run of the experiment. The bung should be correctly and tightly placed to prevent the collected hydrogen gas from escaping. In order to achieve a constant and stable temperature for each time measurement, after adding the magnesium ribbon to the sulphuric acid, I will wait for 20 seconds to make sure that the temperature is kept constant. . Procedure of the experiment: Materials needed: For this experiment, the following are the materials that are to be used: 0.4 grams of Magnesium ribbon 100 cubic centimeters of 0.3 Molar sulphuric acid 100 cc gas syringe for the collection of the hydrogen gas (H2) stopwatch for measuring the time it takes to collect 100 cubic centimeters of the H2 gas Thermometer for measuring the temperature of the hot water baths 200 cc conical flask for the sulphuric acid 500 ml graduated cylinder for measuring the sulphuric acid 500 ml beaker for the water baths water baths with the following temperatures: 18.5 °C, 30 °C, 40 ºC, 50 ºC, 60 ºC, and 70 ºC. analytical balance for measuring 0.4 grams of magnesium ribbon Procedure: 1. Set up the materials while making sure that they are clean and the reagents are not contaminated. 2. Using a graduated cylinder, measure 100 cc of 0.3 molar concentration of sulphuric acid. 3. Carefully weigh 0.4 grams of Magnesium ribbon using an analytical balance to make sure that the weight measurement is accurate. 4. Pour the water bath with the desired temperature into the beaker. 5. Carefully put the conical flask with the sulphuric acid and into the beaker with the water bath. 6. Put the 0.4 grams of magnesium ribbon into the conical flask. 7. Measure the time it takes to collect 100 cubic centimeters of hydrogen gas into the gas syringe. 8. Repeat steps 1-7 for every desired temperature. 10. Label the time recorded as run 1. 11. Make 2 more runs for this experiment. IV. Results: Data Gathered: The time measurements for each temperature of 18.5 °C, 30 °C, 40 ºC, 50 ºC, 60 ºC, and 70 ºC were obtained and tabulated below (Table 1). Table 1. Temperature Measurements for the Three Runs or Trials The rates of reaction were obtained using the following formula below: Reaction Rate = Volume of gas collected in cc / Time it takes to collect the gas in seconds The calculated reaction rates (Volume / Time) for each set temperature for the three runs were tabulated below: Table 2. Reaction Rate of Each Run The tabulated data of reaction rates above were then graphed for all the three runs. The graph shows the same pattern for all the runs. Graph 1: Reaction Rate Vs. Time Graph of the Three Runs Using the same data, the average of all calculated reaction rates for each set temperature in every run were taken and tabulated below: Table 3: Average Reaction Rate for Each run The average reaction rate of all the three runs are then graphed below: Graph 2: Average Reaction Rate Vs. Temperature. Determination of the Activation Energy: The linear relationship between a rate constant or reaction rate and temperature is given in the equation: In k = -Ea/R X 1/T + In A, which is obtained from the Arrhenius equation that relates temperature, rate constant and activation energy. To solve this equation, the rate constant or reaction rate at several temperature values obtained in the experiment are required. Activation energy can be calculated from the obtained temperature values and each respective rate constant by graphing In k versus 1/T. The In k values were obtained using a calculator, where for every value of reaction rate (k) entered into the calculator, the In function is pressed and the In k value was given. . Table 4: In K and 1 /T Values with the Corresponding Time and Rate of the First Run After obtaining the In k and 1 / T values for the first run, they were graphed as shown below: Graph 3: In k versus 1/T (First Run) The slope of the In k versus 1/T graph for the first run was obtained the using a line of â€Å"best fit† through the points in the graph. A perpendicular line was drawn at points A and B. In the graph, A is equal to the distance between 0.6700 and 0.400 in the Y-axis and B is the distance between points 0.0033 and 0.0032 in the X-axis. So, to solve for the slope: Line A = 0.6740-0.400 = 0.2740 and for line B = 0.0033-.00032= -0.0001 Slope = Line A / Line B = 0.02740 / 0.0001 = -2740 Graph 4: In k Versus 1/T showing the Slope The relationship between slope and activation energy is: slope = -Ea/R. Hence, the activation energy for the reaction for the first run is: -2740= -Ea/R Ea = (-2740) (8.314J/mol) Ea= 22780.36 J/mol Similarly, data for the second run were obtained and tabulated as shown below: Table 4: In K and 1 /T Values with the Corresponding Time and Rate of the Second Run The values of In k and 1/T for the second run were graphed as shown below: Graph 5: In k – 1/T Graph for the Second Run The slope of the above In k versus 1/T graph for the second run was determined by drawing a perpendicular line in the best fit points such as in the graph of the first run. For the second run, the slope is equal to: -1093.16 So, the activation energy for the second run is: -1093.16 = -Ea/R -Ea = (-1093.16) (8.314 J/mol) Ea = 9088.53 J/mol Data for the In k versus 1/T graph for the third run are as follows were similarly obtained and tabulated as follows: The graph of the tabulated data above is shown below: The slope of the above In k versus 1/T above is: -1274.70 So the activation energy for the third run is: -1267.89 = -Ea/R -Ea = (1267.89) (8.314 J/mol) Ea= 10541.23 J /mol Thus, the activation energy values for each run are the following: First run : 22780.36 J/mol Second run : 9088.53 J/mol Third run : 10541.23 J /mol V. Analysis The data gathered clearly show that at higher temperatures, the rates of reactions increase up to a certain point, and then continue to slow down. This can be seen in the first 2 graphs, namely: Graph 1: Reaction Rate Vs. Time Graph of the Three Runs and Graph 2: Average Reaction Rate Vs. Temperature. This means that after sometime, the rate of reaction slows down because the products are already being formed. In the experiment, the plateaus in the graph correspond to the time that the hydrogen gas (H2) are already being formed. The data also showed only one activation energy value for each run. Thus, it only shows that the activation energy in NOT temperature- dependent, NOR is there a direct relationship between the two, since its value does not change with changes in temperature. The relationship between temperature and activation energy as can be concluded in this experiment, is that the temperature increases the capacity of the system to overcome the activation energy needed to form the products. So, the higher the temperature, the faster are the rates or speed of reactions. VI. Evaluation: A. Experimental Uncertainty: In the measurement of the different temperatures for the water baths, the following percentage errors were obtained: For the reading of 18.5 º C, the percentage error is: Plus or minus 0.5 / 18.5 x 100 = 2.7% For 30 º C, the percentage error is: Plus or minus 0.5 / 30 x 100 = 0.16% For 40 º C, the percentage error is: Plus or minus 0.5 / 40 x 100 = 0. 125% For 53 º C, the percentage error is: Plus or minus 0.5 / 53 x 100 = 0. 94% For 60 º C, the percentage error is: Plus or minus 0.5 / 60 x 100 = 0. 83% For 70 º C, the percentage error is: Plus or minus 0.5 / 60 x 100 = 0. 71% In the use of a graduated cylinder with 1 cm scale, the percentage error is plus or minus 0.5 in every 10 cm scale. So, in this experiment, the percentage error can be calculated as: 0.50/100 X 100 = 0.5%. Experimental Outcomes The outcomes of the experiment exactly fit my hypothesis or prediction, that as the temperature rises, the faster is the rate of reaction. However, I did not predict the outcome that the activation energy itself is NOT temperature dependent, since it does not change with the changes in temperature. This is shown in the experiment results, where there was only one activation energy value for all temperature measurements in each run of the experiment. The relationship between temperature and activation energy is based on the fact that the temperature increases the capacity of the system to overcome the activation energy needed to form the products. Design of the Experiment I believe that to improve the experiment, I may need to compare the reaction used in this experiment to a reaction that uses a catalyst to investigate the effect of catalysts on the activation energy and speed of reactions. References: Activation Energy, 2006. http://chemed.chem.purdue.edu/genchem/topicreview/bp/ch22/activate.html#act [Accessed: February 28, 2006]. Collins, M. (1999), Activation Energy and the Arrhenius Equation. Abbey Newsletter, Vol.23, Number 3, 1999. http://palimpsest.stanford.edu/byorg/abbey/an/an23/an23-3/an23-308.html. [Accessed: February 29, 2006]. Energex, 2006. Kinetic Theory. http://www.energex.com/au/switched_on/project_info/electricity_production_glossary.html#K. [Accessed: February 29, 2006]. Norton, 2003. Key Equations and Concepts .Chemistry in the Science Context. http://www.wwnorton.com/chemistry/concepts/chapter14/ch14_5.htm [Accessed: February 27, 2006]. The Shodon Education Foundation, Inc. 1998. The Arrhenius Equation. http://www.shodor.org/UnChem/advanced/kin/arrhenius.html. [Accessed: February 27, 2006]. Wikipedia, 2006. Collision Theory. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/collision_theory. [Accessed: February 27, 2006]. Wilbraham, A. Stanley D., Matta, M., 1997. Chemistry. 4th edition. Menlo Park, California: Addison-Wesley. (pp.490-494). .

Grahams Law :: physics chemistry graham grahams law

In chemistry and in physics, the movement of particles becomes very important. One way in which particles move is through effusion. The formula for the rate of effusion of gas molecules was developed by a chemist by the name of Thomas Graham in the 19th century. December 21, 1805ï ¿ ½September 16, 1869. Thomas Graham was born in December of 1805 in Glasgow, Scotland. His father was a workman who desired that his son enter the Church of Scotland. However, Graham became a student at the University of Glasgow in 1819, where he became interested in the field of chemistry. He left the university in 1826 and went off to be a professor of chemistry at several universities, two of which were the Royal College of Science and Technology and the University of London. In 1841, he founded the Chemical Society of London, of which he was the first president. His study in the field of colloids (a type of homogenous mixture) led to the discovery of dialysis and his earning of the name ï ¿ ½the father of colloid chemistry.ï ¿ ½ Another of Grahamï ¿ ½s accomplishments was in his study of diffusion and effusion of gases. His formula for the effusion of gases even carries his name; it is called Grahamï ¿ ½s Law. Grahamï ¿ ½s Law ï ¿ ½Physics. The flow of a gas through a small orifice at such a density that the mean distance between the molecules is large compared with the diameter of the orificeï ¿ ½ (ï ¿ ½effusionï ¿ ½). In other words, effusion is the flow of individual gas molecules through a hole that is smaller than the mean free path, which is ï ¿ ½the average distance [a] particle travels between collisions with other particlesï ¿ ½ (ï ¿ ½Mean free pathï ¿ ½). This means that in effusing through the hole the gas molecules do not collide with one another. efï ¿ ½fuï ¿ ½sion ï ¿ ½noun One of the postulates of the Kinetic Molecular Theory states that average kinetic energy of gas particles depends solely on the temperature of the gas. Since this is the case, the kinetic energy of two gas molecules, hydrogen and oxygen for example, may be written as the following. When simplified the equation becomes this. Rearranging yields this equation. And taking the square root of both sides gives us the following. This formula is a simplified version of Grahamï ¿ ½s Law which states ï ¿ ½that the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of the mass of its particlesï ¿ ½ (ï ¿ ½Grahamï ¿ ½s Lawï ¿ ½).

The Treatment of Men and Women in Tess of the DUrbervilles Essay

The Treatment of Men and Women in Tess of the D'Urbervilles Tess now feels he can understand her problem. When she tells him he refuses to accept it, he has placed Tess on a pedestal and is mortified when she falls from it. She begs his forgiveness but he has become very cold towards her and doesn't seem to hear her pleas. Hardy really shows the double standards of the day by making both crimes so similar. We can see how differently men and women were treated. Today both genders are treated the same and Tess is seen as a victim, Angel gave consent and so is now seen as the one in the wrong. Angel is very cold and refers to Tess as a different person not the woman he loved. 'You were one person, now you are another'. Angel is too rational and socially aware of Tess' disgrace to forgive her. Tess is so distraught he cannot forgive her she contemplates taking her life but she can't because it will bring suspicion and shame on Angel. Tess becomes very reserved and says she will do what ever Angel asks. This does make a modern reader mad because she should not be begg...

Slavery :: Slavery Essays

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Justify Slavery   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Reparations are intended to make up for the unjustified actions of the past. By doing so, it punishes the people of today to make up for the actions from the people in the past. Should a person in today’s generation suffer for the actions of our ancestors? Should one collect special benefits for the suffering of their ancestors? By offering special benefits, would it solve or make up for the injustice of slavery? African Americans did suffer in the past from the injustice of slavery. Take in mind that it was the past, and the injustice of slavery does not affect African Americans in today’s day and time. White Americans in today’s day and time did not own or have anything to do with slavery. If one was to be punished or receive special benefits it should be the people that slavery directly affected.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the history of the United States the American Indians were slaughtered, and are still collecting for the injustice actions of the past. America is still providing help, and handing out special benefits. American Indians receive special benefits such as land being put aside called reservations, allowed to put up casinos, and are able to receive scholarship funds for college with fewer qualifications. The experience that the American Indians went through was a lot worse than the experience that the African Americans faced. In both cases I believe that the people of today should not have to feel guilty for the actions of their ancestors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  If the Unites States developed reparations program for the injustice of slavery of African Americans it would create no good but only conflict. Two wrongs do not make a right. Punishing the people of today for the actions of the past creates reverse racism. It’s simply stating that because one is African American that he or she deserves special benefits. It forms racism towards other races. It is saying that just because one is not African American that they do not deserve to receive special treatment, and that they are not as good as African Americans. African Americans today were never slaves, nor were white Americans today slave owners. African Americans have recovered from slavery, and do not need any extra help. It is more satisfying to accomplish something on ones own.

Polygraph Research

Christopher Langford Writing II T-Th 930-1045 Writing Assignment 2 Polygraph I began my research thinking I wanted to find out where we were today in our advancement of the lie detector machine and its accuracy. There was a time it was heard of often and considered quite controversial in its legitimacy. My research took me on a different journey then I had expected. A journey discovering that the Polygraph Machine is not only just as controversial today as ever, but also that there appears to be behind the controversy then simply its technology. The Polygraph Machine was traditionally known for its use in lie detection within law enforcement.So I began my search in the Criminal Justice data base of our school library. I came across an interesting article, â€Å"The Truth Surrounding Lie Detection Technology†, written by Rebecca Kanable, a freelance writer specializing in law enforcement topics for the periodical Law Enforcement Technology. Her article, although informative of the details in how the polygraph machine works, what it detects physiologically, and why it might be considered inaccurate, revealed to me there may be more behind the controversial system then simply its technology.She would reference an important sounding entity called the APA (American Polygraph Association), explaining the APA founding, their development, and purpose. After discussing the APA and its extensive research and technology, another official sounding entity was introduced, the NAS (National Academy of Sciences). The NAS reported that contrary to the APA’s pride in their more than 80% accuracy in detecting deception, a majority of the research was unreliable, unscientific, and biased.The APA responded that the NAS findings were confined to a review of the research on polygraph testing in particular, and how it relates to personnel screening. The APA said the NAS relied on 57 of more than 1000 research studies available. The NAS in turn responded that a century of research in psychology and physiology provided little basis for expecting the polygraph test could have extremely high accuracy because the physiological responses are not uniquely related to deception only. At this oint a third entity was introduced, the NACVSA (National Association of Computer Voice Stress Analysis), who also bashed the APA as a flawed method and flawed technology. They would tout how they were supported in agreement by the NITV (National Institute for Truth Verification), yet another official sounding entity. This back and forth seemed a bit odd, as though one or the other had an agenda. That is what redirected my research into whom these entities were, and who was considered more reliable for the truth about lie detection. First stop was the APA web site (APA. org).I discovered it was a profit driven business selling technology, instruments, research, and advanced training and education programs, as well as advertising their APA magazine. Their primary customer s were law enforcement, the legal community, and private sector security screening. It certainly was official, but only in the business sense. Ironically, in my search for the APA web site, it was paired with Antipolygraph. org web site. A location for message board discussions against the polygraph, most of which was specifically directed at the APA. I then moved on to the first entity contradicting the APA in Kanable’s article, the NAS.NASonline. org had nothing to sell, but rather a non profit society established by an act of congress signed by Abraham Lincoln in 1863 and extended by President Woodrow Wilson charged with the mission of providing independent objective advice to the nation on matters related to science and technology. It definitely carried some weight in legitimacy, but to be sure it was not a bias source about this topic, I search its site database for this particular topic, and although it spoke about the technology of the polygraph, it made no specific me ntion of the APA itself.I was unable to do the same of the APA site as you had to be a paying member to access their database. I felt the NAS response to the APA research was legitimate coinciding with their purpose. What about the NACVSA? It turns out they are a direct competitor of the APA. Upon arriving at the CVSA1. com web site, it was immediately obvious in their solicitation of CVSA software and training. Also solicited were funding assistance through grants from both Walmart and Target to purchase the technology. They tried to hide behind government looking signs and symbols to appear more â€Å"official†.They covered the bases offering insight of cases solved by their technology, who was using their technology, and the history of their technology. They would repeatedly indicate their direct support from the National Institute for Truth Verification. Of course this institute must be official and have a web site. A Google turned up nothing for the NITV, and any mention of them would link you to the CVSA1. com web site. An attempt at Wikipedia also only had them listed as a vendor and tied to the NACVSA.Returning to the CVSA1 website for further investigation, I noticed in small print in the corner the following, â€Å"the NITV is the manufacturer and sole source for the Computer Voice Stress Analyzer†. That certainly did explain their avid support of the CVSA technology. One last scroll through all the sites having mention of the NITV, I noticed a Government site with their mention. Eforia. bis. doc. gov. was a public posting of government documents from the department of commerce. It displayed 11 charges against the NITV of illegal exportation as a private business. So much for that.Realizing I only had information from either the biased private businesses of technology, or the seemingly unbiased sources of government documents and a science society founded by congress, I now wanted to find others with something to say about the polygraph . I went back to the school library database with a refinement for only magazines and newspapers. First was a eye catching title of an article in the Atlantic Monthly by Alan Berlow called â€Å"The Wrong Man†. I gave accounts of cases leading to the conviction and eventual carrying out of death sentences of what would turn out to be discovered as wrongful conviction down the road.The tie with the polygraph came in that the results of the polygraphs, although not admissible in court, did find in agreement with what resulted in their convictions, even in contradiction of there being no physical evidence. This article revealed why the DA in one of those cases was so adamant in ignoring the lack of evidence for guilt and continuing till a conviction. He had knowledge of, and was influenced by, the non admissible results of the polygraph. The Wall Street Journal offered opposite perspectives on the polygraph. In 2003, an Article by Sharon Begley called â€Å"Inertia, Hope, Moral ity, score TKO’s in Bouts with â€Å"Solid Science†.The dispute with the polygraph was no different then others but with her particular method and terminology of expression. The second Wall Street Journal article, â€Å"For The Polygraph Paradox; Lie Detectors Aren’t Perfect; But convicted Sex Offenders Concede, They May Be Good Enough†, by Laurie P. Cohen. Although alluding to a positive use for the polygraph in spite of its controversy, I doubted the weight of this perspective as the only source of data was that of those who were convicted. It has no opposite data of those who were not convicted.I didn’t take either article as being to far out of bounds as the Wall Street Journal is widely known as quite reputable, whether you agree with a particular article or not. So I then narrowed my search to the immediate locality, and took an article from the Telegram & Gazette. It was a General interest periodical in 1989 with no specific author. It was m erely stating a factual outcome of the Massachusetts Supreme Court having ruled the polygraph test as inadmissible in this state. My research into the polygraph, although somewhat informative about its accuracy, was far more revealing about the source of opinions about the polygraph.My research resulted in verification of exactly what the assignment intended. The need to investigate and verify the legitimacy of expressed information before accepting it as factual evidence of what you are researching. Annotated Bibliography Kanable, Rebecca. â€Å"The Truth Surrounding Lie Detection Technology. † Law Enforcement Technology, Aug 2010, Vol. 37 Issue 8 p60-67, An article that reveals the uses and allowances of the polygraph in our law enforcement system, legal system, and employment system. Barlow, Alan. â€Å"The Wrong Man† The Atlantic Monthly Nov. 1999 Vol. 84, Issue 5 p66-91 Article telling three separate stories of how the polygraph had an inappropriate influence on t he outcome of three murder trials. Begley, Sharon. â€Å"Inertia, Hope, Morality Score TKO’s in Bouts with ‘Solid Science’. † Wall Street Journal, N. Y. 6 June 2003 B. 1. AN anti polygraph writing reinforcing public opinion about the misuse Of the polygraph and its lack of agreeable legitimacy for use in trial court. Cohen, Laurie P. â€Å"The Polygraph Paradox; Lie Detectors Aren’t Perfect; But, Convicted Sex Offenders Concede, They May Be Good Enough. Wall Street Journal, N. Y. 22 Mar. 208 A. 1. This article explores a remote possibility of some positive outcome for polygraph use. Unfortunately it an opinion piece and purely based on speculation from a partial perspective. Court Rules Polygraph Test Not Admissible: Telegram & Gazette, [Worcester, MA. ] 12 Dec. 1989: C7 Globe Newspaper Company Inc. General Interest Periodicals – U. S. This newspaper clip is a simple statement of a judicial finding. American Polygraph Association www. polygr aph. org Update 2012This is a privately owned web site for the purpose of self promoting propaganda and solicitation of services. G. W. Maschke. c/o www. antipolygraph. org Copyright 2000-2013 A web site created for the purposes of providing a message board for those who want to explain there experience with the polygraph technology. Alternately used as a data collection point for anti polygraph propaganda. National Academy of Sciences www. nasonline. org Copyright 2013 A site for the release of information provided by the society of elected scholars for this organization that was created by congress to service humanity.National Association of Computerized Voice Stress Analysis www. cvsa1. com Copyright 2013 Another site for the solicitation of a product used for lie detection and the services this association can provide. Bureau of Industry and Security Export Enforcement BIS Public Affairs Aug. 2008 www. eforia. bis. doc. gov Just the simple display of actual court released docume nts about the 11 charges brought against the vendor NITV for the illegal export of lie detection devices to foreign governments.

Is Money the Most Important Thing

Money, fame, a successful career; these are among the things many people would consider to be the most important things in life. What do you think; do you consider the factors above to be the chief things in life? First though, let us agree that regardless of the route we take, our goal in all our pursuits remain essentially the same: Happiness. The problem with most people is that in their pursuit of this state of mind, they often sacrifice too much, sometimes sacrificing even happiness itself along the way! As a result, just when they think they have finally captured the cage that should hold joy and satisfaction, such as by getting to the peak of one's career, they soon discover that the cage is empty. How tragic! Take money or financial success for example. The extent to which money contributes to happiness is probably the most misunderstood phenomenon on earth. Now please do not take me wrong. Money is very important to have in our society. In fact the Late Jim Rohn Says it ranks right up there with oxygen. But as a result, it is highly overrated by most people. Meanwhile various researches have repeatedly proven that slightly above the poverty line, subsequent financial success contributes less and less to a person's state of happiness. This has to be true; otherwise, why are suicide rates among wealthy people and lottery winners among the highest? Likewise those who see fame as the ultimate in life; they soon get disillusioned. Drug overdose and, yes, suicide are particularly high among very famous people. Why? Surely fame has brought them real happiness. So then what? Yes, what things are truly the most important in life? I would propose that the most important things in life are those that bring the greatest happiness to ourselves and those around us. Top on this list would be genuine love and rich relationships, such as is shared among true friends and family members. Next on my list would be a measure of good health and a good relationship with the creator, God. It goes without saying that love is the chief thing in life. What would life amount to if nobody, not even God, shows us affection? Newborn babies soon die when they are denied affection. And adults do not fare much better. We can as well say the same thing about relationships. Developing a healthy relationship with others creates interdependence, which is vital to both personal and your business growth. This is not to say that money and financial success are of no use. No. It is just that they should not be your major focus in life. And that leads us to another item on the most important things in life: wisdom. I will define wisdom as the correct application of knowledge. Wisdom is hugely important in our lives. For example, it takes wisdom to balance your personal MLM business pursuits without sacrificing vital family and other relationships. In deed, it is when we go about our pursuits in this way that we stand the chance of being happy at their attainment. On the other hand, a failure to get these factors in proper order leads so many persons to frustrations. This is because every person has a set of beliefs, or mindset which guides them as they make decisions. This mindset is often shaped by such variables as our individual experiences in life, our education and the environment where a person grew up. This mindset may either be working in our favor or against us. The difference lies in the cumulative outcome of all our decisions. Good results mean that our mindset is working, and vice versa. Bearing in mind that your decisions today will have a significant effect on how the rest of your life turns out. Would it not be better to pay greater attention to the most important things in life as you also go after your MLM success? Interestingly, most wealthy people find that once they get things in proper order, other things naturally fall into place. So enrich your life, approach things in this way.

Multiculturalism: For and Against

Points For and Against For: †¢ Australian society, often in the face of major difficulties. †¢ multiculturalism is good for the society as it brings cultural diversity to the society, can foster a tolerant society, and improve relations with other countries †¢ Multiculturalism is a set of practical policies aimed variously at improving the absorption of migrants and harmoniously integrating a culturally diverse society around liberal democratic values. ’[11] As such, multiculturalism is a conscious political and social choice made by the state and society in response to diversity. Against multiculturalism is bad, perhaps under the belief that migrants take jobs, that they bring racial tension to Australia, and that they create and settle in ghettos †¢ Multiculturalism can be seen as a set of norms or principles that uphold the right of the individual to retain, express and enjoy their culture. It also upholds the right of all individuals to have access to a nd participate in the social, cultural, economic and political life of the country to which they belong. †¢ Multiculturalism is a practical and principled response to the rapid increase in the global movement of people, commodities and ideas.People migrating to Australia often face problems associated with economic, social and cultural dislocation. These problems are exacerbated for people from non-English speaking backgrounds †¢ . Australian multiculturalism is a vital, long term social investment that aims, simultaneously, to address issues of social disadvantage and community relations More info:. 1)multiculturalism as a sound policy framework consistent with HREOC’s legislative mandate to promote understanding, respect and friendship among racial and ethnic groups in Australia and to combat prejudices that lead to racial discrimination. 4]2 )Multiculturalism is also a set of norms or principles compatible with HREOC’s vision for an Australian society in w hich the human rights of all are respected, protected and promoted. [5] In particular it resonates with a notion of equality which enables all Australians to participate fully in the social, cultural, economic and political life in Australia irrespective of race, religion, colour, descent or national or ethnic origin. 3) Finally, multiculturalism, both as policy and as principles, supports the ideals of a democratic society in which every person is free and equal in dignity and rights

A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius Essay

A Heartbreaking Work of Staggering Genius is a great name for this novel because it is heartbreaking. One of the key features of this novel and one of my favorite parts is the way in which Eggers writes. He uses this stream consciousness writing style which basically means he writes what he thinks. This type of writing really connected with me because Eggers doesn’t just tell you what happened in his life but he makes you feel it. Much of what happens to Eggers is heart wrenching, made my stomach turn, and my heart pound. Eggers is the main character in this really horrific story that deals with the death of both his parents and his life afterward. I think that I liked this novel because it really deals with death in a very real and raw way. Often, authors attempt to sugar coat the idea of death and everyone who has ever experienced death knows that it is messy physically and emotionally. When the Egger brothers lose their parents so close together it really effected me. I had to wonder what would happen to me and my siblings if and when my parents die. Many people think that a child only becomes an adult after they lose their parents. I think about Dave and how long it really took him to become an adult. Dave has a really witty, and sarcastic narration. He writes and gives a whole lot of detail. I think when Dave talks about his relationship with his younger brother and more importantly his ability to parents it both humorous and also disturbing. Dave writes about things that were not only milestones in his life but also in mine. For example he talks all about the idea of exhibitionism and the idea of reality television. He writes about his experiences auditioning for MTV’s Real World. I think this is really important because I live in a world that really likes reality yet this reality television is real at all. I think that is what Dave’s writing really emphasizes – the idea of appearance versus reality. Dave really does a great job of catching the spirit of youth. The idea that young adults have all the freedom in the world to do and be whatever they want. At the same time we have so many societal pressures that can lead to misbehavior, addiction, and abandonment. This book is considered a memoir and not exactly an autobiography. He shows how the human memory works. It is not literal it is full of imperfections and non-facts, and full real emotion. Our memories, like Dave explains, are just as real as any real thing that has happened. Humans remember in exaggerated fashion, emotions become more intense or fade. In the end this is a story about one man’s memory of how he lost his parents and tried to find his life. This book is not beautifully written. It is full of grammatic errors, and run ons. But it is the perfect metaphor for the human mind, memory, and ultimately life is imperfect, heartbreaking, and genius.

Aircraft Crash Survival Analysis and Design Essay Example for Free

Aircraft Crash Survival Analysis and Design Essay ? 1. Describe the effect plowing can have on crash forces when the impact surface is soft soil. Earth gouging and scooping of soil occur when the structure makes initial contact with the ground which minimize the acceleration and force levels to which the structure is subjected. Soft soil can cause plowing and rapid deceleration if there is a large horizontal velocity component. A high-speed longitudinal impact into water can also cause high loads from water plowing as water enters through lower nose transparencies. Reducing the earth scooping effects encountered in longitudinal impacts should include a large, relatively flat surface thereby increasing the aircraft’s tendency to slide over the impact terrain and by minimizing inward buckling of the fuselage nose or engine nacelle to maintain skid surface integrity. 2. Explain the term submarining in respect to the use of lap belt restraints. What human injuries may result? This is where the lap belt rides over the pelvic brim and compresses the soft tissues of the abdomen resulting in serious abdominal and spinal injuries. Submarining occurs due to the pelvis rotating under the lap belt, usually due to inappropriate location of the lap belt anchors or due to poor design of the seat bottom or a combination of both. Lap belt only restraints so commonly inflicted serious injuries on users in automobile crashes that the medical community coined a new term, â€Å"the seat belt syndrome†, to describe  the constellation of injuries caused by submarining under the lap belt. ftp://ftp.rta.nato.int/pubfulltext/RTO/EN/RTO-EN-HFM-113/EN-HFM-113-06.pdf 3. Discuss forward and rearward facing passenger seats and explain which you feel may be an advantage in crash survivability. The rearward-facing seat is optimal for providing maximum support and contact area in longitudinal impacts. The only critical impact sequence for the rearward-facing seat is one that involves a severe lateral component that allows sideward movement of the occupant prior to application of the longitudinal or vertical Pulse. However, lateral torso movement can be minimized by use of a torso restraint system of much lighter weight than that required for other seat orientations. The rearward-facing cabin seat is preferred. 4. Explain the concept and intention of Delethalization of Cockpit and Cabin Interiors. The delethalization of cockpit and cabin interiors is the design and set up of aircraft cockpits and cabins to prevent injury on impact. This is done by ensuring the occupant’s immediate environment be designed so that when the body parts do flail and contact rigid or semi-rigid structures, injury potential is minimized. This can be done in different manners. First is to relocate the hazardous structure or object out of the occupant’s reach or the hazard might be reduced by mounting the offending structure on frangible or energy-absorbing supports and applying a padding material to distribute the contact force over a larger area on the body member. The aircraft interior has occupant strike envelopes, meaning that there are hazards that are more conducive to occupant injury than others. Overall the intent is to protect the head and torso first to prevent debilitating injuries or death and then protecting the lower body parts to ensure the area hazards are clear of tripping hazards or anything that could prevent rapid escape. Typical contact hazards in the cockpit area include window and door frames, consoles, controls and control columns, seat backs,  electrical junction boxes, glare shields, and instrument panels. Contact hazards commonly found in aircraft cabin areas include window and door frames, seats, and fuselage structure. Use of suitable energy absorbing padding materials, frangible breakaway panels, smooth contoured surfaces, or ductile materials in the typical hazard areas mentioned is recommended to reduce the injury potential of occupied areas. The use of protective helmets is also recommended in certain types of aircraft. 5. Explain the expected advantage frangible fuel system attachments can provide as an aircraft post-crash survival technique. Frangible Attachment- An attachment possessing a part that is designed to fail at a predetermined location and/or load. Frangible structures or frangible bolts should be used at all attachment points between fuel tanks and aircraft structure to prevent fuel tank components from being torn out of the tank wall during impact. Frangible attachments should be used at other points in the flammable fluid systems where aircraft structural deformation could lead to flammable fluid leakage. This increases the survivability by containing any remaining fuel to the tank its encapsulated within and reducing the chance of a fire being spread throughout a crash site or into the cabin. 6. What are some of the key concerns when selecting aircraft interior materials form a crash survivability perspective? All aircraft interior materials such as seat fabrics and cushions, interior wall insulations, and nonmetallic structural components must be flame resistant and produce the least amount of smoke and toxic gases possible. 7. Describe some of the key points of post-crash design criteria associated with oil and hydraulic systems. Oil and hydraulic fluids are easily ignited and can serve as ready ignition sources for fuel meaning fluid spillage should be prevented. Oil tanks and  hydraulic reservoirs should not be located where spilled or sprayed fluid can readily be ingested into the engine or ignited by the engine exhaust. Oil tanks and hydraulic reservoirs should not be located near the bottom of the fuselage, in or above engine compartments, in electrical compartments, in occupiable areas under, in front of, or at the side of heavy masses, such as engines and transmissions, nor above landing gears Oil and hydraulic lines should consist of flexible hoses with steel-braided outer sheaths and for high-temperature; coiled metal tubing should be used. Lines should not be routed, near the bottom of the fuselage, over landing gears, under, in front of, or at the sides of heavy masses, such as engines and transmissions, in the leading edges of wings, in areas of anticipated rotor blade impact, in any area where flammable fluids could be spilled or sprayed onto hot surfaces or ingested into the engine or above electrical wiring 8. Considering aircraft electrical system post-crash survivability design, what are the guidelines concerning routing electrical wires in the vicinity of flammable fluid lines? Wiring is a prime ignition source for leaking oil, fuel or hydraulic fluid leaks or vapors. To aid in crash survivability wires should be routed above or away from flammable fluid lines and they should never be closely spaced between outer skin and fuel lines. Wires must not be routed near flammable fluid tanks unless the wires are shrouded to prevent arcing. Wires should not be routed near the bottom of the fuselage, over landing gears or in the leading edges of wings. 9. What G forces are experienced if an aircraft impacts the ground at a speed of 120 MPH and skids along the ground 50 feet before coming to rest? 9.8 G’s. 120^2/50 = 14400/50=288288x.034=9.79 10. Explain why you believe passenger airlines do not have to utilize passenger shoulder harnesses as a crash survival precaution. The passenger shoulder harness is not used for crash survival because: *  The cost of the harnesses for one would be huge to retrofit all the airliners in the fleet today and that cost would be put onto the customer. * The need for various sizes; very small through very large would result in further cost. * Comfort, if people are not comfortable then they will not have a good flying experience while others may have a fear or feeling that they are trapped. * The ability to understand how to use the shoulder harness. Most cannot figure out how to wear the harness which would delay taxiing and flight times. The required ability to quickly restrap in bad weather or to unstrap in an egress situation could be deadly. * Americans don’t like to be told what they have to do†¦.they are the paying customer. Aircraft Crash Survival Analysis and Design. (2016, Oct 19).

International Business Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

International Business Strategy - Essay Example Particularly when companies like the Wal-Mart are involved in this industry, a detailed study provides an idea on the journey of the company where the customer satisfaction meant to play a primary role in the success of any company. The study has tried to consider the initial stages when the concept of discount retailing was not attractive among the customers, thus determining the initial status and strategies of the Wal-Mart Company. Thus an understanding of the company’s position and threats in the industry in the 1950s has been conducted through the study. Also, the learning determines the manner in which the company has been able to gain competitive advantage over its competitors. This involves the business strategies that the company focused on including the level of customer satisfaction. The success of the company also depends on the ability of the company to manage its sustainability and thus the company’s stand in this context is also significant for the partic ular study. Lastly, the company’s entry into the German and the UK market would also reflect on the company’s reasons for success at one location while failure in another. Thus the study has been focused to have a complete overview on the Wal-Mart Company and its strategies from the early times till the present times reflecting on the ability of the company to gain and sustain its success. Case Analysis- Wal-Mart 2. Attractiveness of the discount retailing industry in the USA when Wal-Mart first began operations in the 1950s: 2.1. Introduction: The existence of the discount retailing stores can be traced back to the 1940s and the starting of the 1950s. The purpose of these stores was to serve the families of those children who were born after...Wal-Mart is a leading retail store known to perform in the discount retailing industry providing with a wide range of consumer products (Discount Stores, 2011). 2.2. Discount Retailing Industry in the USA in the 1950s: To understand the attractiveness of the discount retailing industry in the 1950s and early 1960s, the use of Porter’s Five Forces (Jia, 2007, p.1) would be useful. Considering the rivalry factor, studies from the case study as well as other sources reveal that the introduction of the discount retail stores in the 1950s led to severe opposition from other retail companies and stores that were small in size. Issues relating to the closing of small shops, or lesser employment opportunities were considered to be the consequences of the discount retail stores being introduced (Jia, 2007, p.1). Although Wal-Mart started its operations during this period of time, but there were other market players creating competitions for the company, like Target and K-Mart (Guillame, 2011). 2.3. Threats from new entrants: According to this force, a company might have threats from other companies that may wish to enter the market on seeing a company having high returns in a particular location. Thus the level of competition tends to increase (Ahlstrom & Bruton, 2009, p.133).

Cell phones and how they have changed us socially Research Paper

Cell phones and how they have changed us socially - Research Paper Example The 20th century witnessed an explosion of technological growth. Telephone technology dates back to the late 19th century through the inventions of Alexander Graham Bell and the subsequent Bell Telephone Company. Still, it wasn’t until the 20th century through American Telephone and Telegraph (AT&T) that the Western world experienced the profound impacts of this technology, and not until the late end of this century that cell phones would come to dominate the social landscape. Indeed, between 1990 and 1998 cell phone subscribers increased from 11 million to 312 million (Stevens 2010). Along with the Internet, cell phones would come to profoundly impact the way humans interact and function in the contemporary world. This essay examines the way cell phones have changed us socially. The most prevalent impact of cell phones on social life has been in the very fabric of humanity’s daily existence. Within this context of understanding it’s demonstrated that individuals have gained considerable social freedom from the implementation of cell phone technology. Hindel (2008) argues that cell phones and this corresponding freedom have resulted in advancements in time management and efficiency that have profoundly altered the modern world. Today people are more independent and confident – considering having a cell phone on a long drive – in navigating the modern social landscape. Still, individuals such as Davis (2010) argue that the infusion of cell phone technology has had a negative impact on human social relations. This perspective contends that cell phones have resulted in a generation of people who have learned to communicate primarily through the mediation of these devices. This has resulted in a populace that is unable to deal with so cial problems on a face-to-face level. Individuals also argue that such changes have resulted in decreased ethical responsibility. With the high

Biodiversity Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Biodiversity - Assignment Example He continues to observe that introduction of science to manage the environment may be futile. The cases of genetically modified food and nuclear energy may bring us more harm than what the world believes (Mark ppp. 23). Marks believe that to save the environment, it is a choice we have to make. It all depends on us to save the environment. These are different environmental systems that do exist and functions interdependently. For instance, there is ozone layer boundary, aerosol boundary, climate change, biodiversity, land use and fresh water boundary among others (Mark pp. 56). The current global environmental degradation has been caused by wanton natural resources use particularly by developed countries. It makes sense to believe that the developed economies use more natural resources as compared to less developed countries. In case of Mother Nature strike like the Katrina Hurricanes, the poor are always at receiving end. They suffer more than those who have used these resources. On top of that, the rich countries and state will try to solve the devastating problem milking the poor to

Apple's Make-vs.-Buy Decision Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Apple's Make-vs.-Buy Decision - Research Paper Example 1. Explaining Approaches to Recruiting That Might Be Best Suited for Apple’s Talent Acquisition Based on the information given, it is tenable that Apple uses outsourcing as a way of recruiting employees for top engineering or technology positions. Furthermore, it is best if Apple ensures that the vendor (the company providing outsourcing services) is a private employment agency, given the competitive edge which characterizes privatization. With competitiveness comes increased efficiency. The importance of outsourcing is that it will guard the secrecy that characterizes Apple products (Williams and Curtis, 2012). Gallo (2012) proposes that another option that Apple may consider is the extension of the recruitment practices of Apple to colleges and universities. This approach can complement Apple’s outsourcing since it is cheaper and will therefore go a long way in assuaging high expenses that may emanate from outsourcing. Likewise, Apple is bound to rake in the freshest of ideas and manpower that completing college and university students may bring with themselves into an organization. Again, Apple should consider fielding direct applicants. This option may involve, identifying vacant portfolios and then advertising them in the dailies. Referrals and internal promotions can also help this course. This approach is vindicated by the fact that Apple appeals to all consumers and is therefore likely to attract as many applicants as possible. This option will also help Apple abate the level of expenditure it would incur by outsourcing its recruitment activities. 2. Describing Recruiter Traits and Behaviors That Would Lead To the Most Successful Recruiting Campaign for Apple Apple’s recruiter traits can greatly help further its successful recruitment campaigns. Apple’s recruiters are welcoming, warm, have a personal touch and are trendy and innovative. The same are also tech-savvy and specialists who are deeply acquainted with Apple’s products, mission and organizational culture. In order that Apple attracts the best skills and talent, it has to have tech-savvy and specialists who are well informed about Apple’s products and technology so that applicants who meet the threshold that Apple requires can be separated from those who do not qualify. Without the input of these specialists, it will be impossible to identify practical skills that Apple needs (Merrill, 2008). Conversely, the welcoming and warm nature of the recruiters is to help Apple maintain the human aspect of Apple’s activities and corporate image. If the recruiters are welcoming and kind, both successful and unsuccessful applicants are left feeling that Apple is committed to fair and democratic human resource practices and (it) has an environment that helps foster optimal productivity. To attract the best talent in IT technology, Apple must present itself as the organization that such talent is looking for, as the best organization to w ork with. This in turn is impossible if the recruiter lacks personal touch (Pfeffer, 1992). 3. Suggesting Three Ways That Apple Can Effectively Plan for HR Resources Some of the ways Apple can use to effectively plan HR resources include: Hiring the services of another company to manage Apple’s HR resources (also known as outsourcing). This will be the most expensive approach. Training existing employees on new skills. This approach will be relatively cheaper. Downsizing. This is the

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Analysis and Application of Traditional Governance Models - Essay Example Not only in US , in all the other parts of the world, higher education institutions are complex organizations which have tremendous impact on the society. â€Å"Growing demand among learners for improved accessibility and convenience, lower costs, and direct application of content to work settings is radically changing the environment for higher education in the United States and globallyThe demand for higher education is increasing globally. (Sloan-C ) They are in search of convenient, cost effective and quality higher education in this rapid changing environment. In the case of Doctors, only an MBBS qualification is not sufficient enough for getting a good job. Along with MBBS, they need higher qualifications like MD, MS etc. to get good jobs. But such courses are not common everywhere and also the number of seats limited for such higher courses. The world economy is directly linked with knowledge. New organizations are emerging to cater the need of the higher education. Organizational changes and new developments are accelerating advances in learning technologies. Growing demand for learning combined with these technical advances challenges the traditional principles of old universities and institutions. New organizations compete directly with traditional universities. Traditional universities are changing their methodologies and curriculum to cater the demands of the modern world. The universities also divided into different segments like Public University, Open University, Self financing University, Science and Technology University, Agriculture University, Vocational University etc. Some of them functions under the government while others under private sector. Higher educational organizations are different in many ways from other organizations. Conventional management theories may not work with such institutions. The structure, objectives, accountability, all will

Economic case for Precision agricuture apply to Ireland Article

Economic case for Precision agricuture apply to Ireland - Article Example Tobacco is also grown in limited areas. Irish agriculture mainly comprises of the small family farm. About 67 percent of the farms cover less than 50 acres (20 hectares), and another 25 percent are smaller than 20 acres (8 hectares). The number of people employed in agriculture continues to decrease as mechanization increases and young men and women find better-paying occupations in the cities. The number of agricultural workers in Ireland declined by about 50 percent between the years 1960 and 1991 (Britannica Student Encyclopedia, 2006). The future of Irish agriculture greatly depends on sustainable practices and proper economic planning. Precision agriculture is one of the best ways to increase the farm production. Precision Agriculture is a now a term used throughout agricultural systems worldwide. Precision agriculture can be defined as a comprehensive system designed to optimize agricultural production through the application of crop information, advanced technology and management practices. Precision agriculture begins with crop planning and includes tillage, planting, chemical applications, harvesting, and post harvest processing of the crop (Roberson, 2004). Precision farming utilizes three technologies: Global Positioning Systems (GPS), Geographic Information Systems (GIS), and Variable Rate Technology (VRT). GPS provides navigation that can position a tractor within a few feet anywhere in a field. GIS computer systems capture, manage, and analyze spatial data relating crop productivity and field inputs. VRT provides "on-the-fly" estimation of field inputs. Working in concert, GIS, GPS, and VRT provide information that allows producers to apply inputs, such as fertilizers and insecticides, precisely in a sustainable manner (Ball and Peterson 2001). Further the collected information may be used to more precisely evaluate optimum sowing density, estimate specifically fertilizers and other inputs needs, and to more accurately

Developing an attendance management and rehabilitaion policy Essay

Developing an attendance management and rehabilitaion policy - Essay Example Under Innocent absenteeism, employees fail to go to work for reasons that are beyond their control. According to Cascio & Boudreau (2008, p. 45), IHC, which is one of the UK healthcare consultants argued that half of UK workplace absence his not often related with health problems. People just decide to attend their domestic or personal issues while others are not motivated by their jobs and various other reasons (Griffin, 2011, p. 280). Absenteeism is a global issues that face almost all companies though rates of absenteeism varies across companies depending on company location, size, industry type, weather, and job stress inherent in a given job position and responsibility. Some of the reasons for work absenteeism include poor attitude toward work that may rise from abuse of freedom or critical issues like sick leave permissions. Personal or family problems including the need to take care of sick children or elderly, family conflicts, pregnancy problems among most women among other reasons are cited as common causes of absenteeism (Jacobson and School of Psychology, 2007, p. 136). In organizations where the workforce constitutes of aging population, there are often high rates of absenteeism since older people may not be able to hand work overload. In places where employees are stressed, absenteeism is often high, work-related stress may rise from poor feedback between employees and management, harassment and bullying, poor remunerations, overworking among other issues. As mentioned by Jacobson and School of Psychology (2007, p. 136), involuntary absenteeism may occur where employees are not provided with required transport. Other reasons of absenteeism may include activities of the organization such as trips, entertainment or training of staff. According to Cascio & Boudreau (2008, p. 46), some of the direct costs

The Effects of Video Games on Society Essay Example for Free

The Effects of Video Games on Society Essay Perhaps the most positive way video games are being used these days are in the classroom. Video games challenge students to think and solve problems (Vlasak and Ranaldo 36). These educational games must take on an approach that involves gaming and must also be â€Å"fun. † Suggestive evidence includes that spatial visualization skills improve with video game playing. These skills are the ability to rotate mentally, manipulate and twist two and three dimensional objects. Students with a high degree of spatial visualization are high achievers in mathematics and science. Improving spatial visualization may have a corresponding effect on student mathematics (Dorman 133). Students these days are referred to as the Net generation. Their environment is saturated by media as they spend an average of 6. 5 hours per day engaged with various types of media (Annetta 233). Creating educational games that are centered on human interaction is no easy task. Designing today’s educational video games includes blended motivation and self-regulated learning (Annetta 233). Educational games enable students to learn by doing, experience situations first-hand, and role-playing. â€Å"Gee (2003a) stated that the practice of learning a video game is an enculturation practice that involves not only learning the mechanics of game play, but learning how to negotiate the context of play, the terms and practices of a game’s players, and the design choices of its developers† (Annetta 233). Studies for the negative effects of video games on society highly outweigh the positives. Research has shown increases in aggressive behavior associated with the amount of time teenagers are allotted to play video games. This rise in aggression seems to be due to the parents not regulating the amount of time teenagers play their video games. In a study, teenage girls played video games for an average of 5 hours a week, where boys played for an average of 13 hours a week. The study also showed that teens who played violent video games for extended periods of time are more prone to aggressive behavior, teacher/student confrontation, fights with peers and a decline in academic achievement (Fritz 1). Tips from the Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB) include managing your teen’s media consumption, limit how long and how often they play video games, and know the rating of your teen’s video games. â€Å"Video games share much in common with other pursuits that are enjoyable and rewarding, but may become hazardous in certain contexts. Parents can best protect their children by remaining engaged with them and providing limits and guidance as necessary† (Harvard Mental Health Letter 3). Boys, more often than girls, tend to play video games for a means to compete and win. The violent games may be similar to the rough-housing that boys are prone to when growing up (Harvard Mental Health Letter 3). In conclusion these video games represent a fad that is extremely unlikely to fade anytime soon. In fact, technology is something that is getting more advanced every day. With advancing technological video games comes more opportunities for positive and negative effects on society as a whole. The key to this advancing technology is education. Get out there and educate yourself about the possibilities of video games.

Victors and Victims Essay Example for Free

Victors and Victims Essay â€Å"The Story of an Hour† is an English short story written by Kate Chopin. Chopin was widely recognized as one of the leading writers of her time and she is now considered by some to have forerunner of feminist authors of the 20th century. The second short story entitled â€Å"Clever Manka† which is written in Czechoslovakian language and translated in to English. Although it is anonymous, â€Å"Clever Manka† is a very important short story and the fact that it remains indicates that it has affected many people at different times. The both short stories have two completely different structures. The writer of â€Å"Clever Manka† used the expository method as the events starts from the very beginning, when the situation was stable and he introduces the characters, and then going up in the events. Opposite to â€Å"The story of an Hour†, it begins in the middle of the events. Then we have flash-back technique through which we know of all the events that happen before. Look more:  the story of an hour literary analysis essay â€Å"Clever Manka† and â€Å"The Story of an Hour† are alike in that they both have women as protagonist and they both involve a husband and a wife. They show how marriage could be the end of a women life or a beginning. Also, they show how women differently deal with life. The great difference is due to the different time and culture. â€Å"Clever Manka† which in Czechoslovakian culture proves women at that time were highly considered, appreciated, have rights. While, in â€Å"The Story of an Hour† shows how women were deprived, denied, devoiced, they weren’t offered a lot of opportunities such as men and they didn’t inherit money as all the money they get goes to either their husbands or any male member in the family. â€Å"The Story of an Hour† shows that marriage at that time was based on monetary comfort and social status. That leads to unhappy marriage and miserable life to the extent that a person might feel happy and free when his partner is  dead, as Mrs. Mallard felt when she heard that Mr. Mallard was dead. In â€Å"Clever Manka†, marriage is based on dual love and women’s desire is appreciated. We encounter two completely different women. The protagonist of â€Å"Clever Manka† her name is Manka and the protagonist of â€Å"The Story of an Hour† is Mrs. Mallard. They are different in many aspects even physically. The writer describes Mrs. Mallard as being afflicted with a heart trouble which shows that she is a sick and weak person, while Manka is young, clever and strong person. The title of Mrs. Mallard indicated that she was affiliated to her husband and she lost her identity. Her first name â€Å"Louise† is only mentioned after she heard of her husband’s death and when she felt free. Opposite to â€Å"Clever Manka† as Manka is called by her own name allover the story even after she was married. She is independent and wasn’t affiliated to either her father or her husband. Also, men characters in the two short stories are opposite. Men in â€Å"Clever Manka† are represented by the burgomaster who is very young and not-experienced and the farmer. They are incapable of facing any challenge as the burgomaster can’t solve the problem of the farmer and the shepherd, so he put them a riddle which the farmer can’t solve. On the other hand, in â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, we encounter Mr. Mallard who is completely opposite to the male characters in â€Å"Clever Manka† as he was very domineering character. He has always made decisions for Louise and lived her life for her. Men in both short stories tried to bend their wives’ will. In â€Å"Clever Manka†, the burgomaster started his life with Manka Trying to force limitations on her cleverness which indicates that he was afraid of her cleverness and afraid it will highlight his being not-experienced. As well as â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, it is obvious that Mr. Mallard was a domineering character and tried to bend louise’ will. Women’s response to their husband’s control and domination differs in the two short stories. In â€Å"Clever Manka†, when Manka interferes in the burgomaster’s business, it was out of inner feeling of shame and injustice because of her husband decision. She couldn’t stand helpless when she realized how inexperienced he was. This means that the precondition he put for her couldn’t bend her will. That shows that Manka didn’t surrender despite of the precondition that might destroy her life. In â€Å"The Story of an Hour†, Mrs. Mallard ability to resist the suppression practiced upon her was very little and short. She gave her husband the chance to have the upper hand in her life. The person is the one who decides whether he wants to live freely or not. If he wants to, he will not surrender to any person or under any condition. The pressure practicing on women would lead to one of two; either the woman will resist and become a victor, or easily surrender and become a victim.